The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system (CNS). The spinal cord begins at the occipital bone and extends down to the space between the first and second lumbar vertebrae; it does not extend the entire length of the vertebral column. The spinal cord functions primarily in the transmission of neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body but also contains neural circuits that can independently control numerous reflexes and central pattern generators. The spinal cord has three major functions: as a conduit for motor information, which travels down the spinal cord, as a conduit for sensory information in the reverse direction, and finally as a center for coordinating certain reflexes.

Sa anatomiya ng tao, ang gulugod o butong panlikod o kolumnang pangbertebrado ay isang kolumna na binubuo ng 24 na mga nag-aartikulang mga bertebra at 9 na magkakadugtong na bertebra sa sakrum at kosiks (coccyx). Ito ay matatagpuan sa likurang (dorsal) bahagi ng torso(punong-katawan) na inihihiwalay ng mga diskong inbertebral. Ibinabahay nito ang kordong espinal sa kanal na espinal nito. Kilala rin ang gulugod bilang balugbog, o tayudtod (huwag ikalito sa taludtod). Tinatawag na kuyukot ang dulo ng bertebrang nasa may puwitan.

Category: Parte ng Katawan

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